Quantifying and Mapping the Spatiotemporal Characteristics of High Seas Shipping and the Pollution

Abstract

Global shipping plays a crucial role in international trade. It is responsible for 2-3% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Emissions from maritime transportation on the high seas show considerable variation over time and across different locations. The volume of emissions from ships is closely linked to the level of shipping activity. This study utilizes global shipping Automatic Identification System (AIS) data from 2015 to 2024 to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns and trends of maritime activities in various countries, offering insights and guidance for the targeted development of marine environmental management strategies.