Analysis of the current situation of comprehensive utilization technology of coal gangue at home and abroad

Abstract

Coal occupies a dominant position in China's energy structure, but the large amount of coal gangue generated during its mining process has become a key issue restricting the green and sustainable development of the industry. This article is based on the policy background of promoting the comprehensive utilization of bulk solid waste at the national and local levels, combined with the severe situation of huge annual production, large storage volume, and high environmental risks of coal gangue in China. It systematically sorts out the main technical paths for the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue at home and abroad. The article focuses on five aspects: preparation of building materials, underground filling, ecological restoration, extraction of valuable elements, and energy utilization. It deeply analyzes the principles, application status, advantages, and limitations of various technologies. Analysis shows that the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue has formed a diversified technical system, but achieving large-scale and fully quantified consumption still requires the construction of a comprehensive technical scheme of "source reduction process control end use" based on regional characteristics and enterprise reality. This article aims to provide technical selection and decision-making references for coal enterprises, in order to promote the resource utilization and high-value utilization of coal gangue and assist the green transformation of the coal industry.